What Is Gum Disease?

If your gums are sore, swollen, red, or bleeding, it may be an indication of gum disease. Other indications of gum disease may be: painful chewing, loose teeth, sensitivity, changes in how your teeth come together when you bite, ongoing bad breath, or a lasting bad taste in your mouth.

Gum disease is caused by bacteria-building plaque on teeth. If not removed, the plaque can harden and form tartar, which can ultimately lead to gum disease. There are several stages of gum disease:

Gingivitis–the most mild form of gum disease in which gums become swollen and red and often bleed easily when brushing or flossing. Gingivitis can typically be reversed with routine professional cleanings by a dentist or dental hygienist along with daily brushing and flossing.
Periodontitis–Occurs when gingivitis is not treated and the gums begin to separate from the teeth as the plaque spreads to the tooth roots and bacterial toxins break down the bone and connective tissue that hold the teeth in place. This ultimately results in the formation of “pockets” that are infected. Proper dental management and home care can prevent further damage. Without treatment, the support systems of the teeth are destroyed and the teeth may need to be removed.
Advanced Periodontitis–The final stage of gum disease in which your teeth shift and become loose, which can ultimately impact your chewing and bite. At this stage, if treatment cannot save the teeth, they may need to be removed.

Some risk factors of gum disease include: smoking, stress, harmonal changes in females, medications, illnesses, and heredity. If you have questions or concerns about any symptoms or predisposed factors which could cause you to be at risk for gum disease, please call us. Identifying and treating gum disease early will not only prevent oral discomfort, but will also save your teeth!